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发表于 2019-8-25 10:27 PM
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本帖最后由 ranchgirl 于 2019-8-25 10:33 PM 编辑
According to the University of Missouri, tomato plants are the most popular vegetable grown in home gardens because of the abundant fruit and easy care. Low in calories, rich in vitamins A and C, ripe tomatoes are an ideal source of lycopene, the pigment chemical that colors a ripe tomato red. As healthful and beneficial as tomatoes are, the plant and fruit also contain the poisonous toxin solanine.
Solanine
Tomato plants are a member of the nightshade family, along with peppers, potatoes and eggplant, and all nightshade plants contain levels of the alkaloid toxin solanine in the plant's roots, stems, leaves and fruit. Solanine is the natural defense the plant has to protect itself from animals consuming and destroying it. Solanine is a bitter tasting glyco-alkaloid that is poisonous, even in small concentrations. Green-skinned potatoes have the highest toxic levels of solanine, much greater and more harmful than the solanine content of tomatoes.
Green Tomatoes
Green tomatoes contain the highest concentration of the alkoloid solanine, called tomatine. Up to 500 mg per 1 kg of fruit weight can be found in an immature, green tomato. In many regions of the United States, especially in the south, green tomatoes are used in culinary creations, usually in relishes or fried. The green tomatoes used in these dishes are in the early stages of ripening, though still green to green yellow color, and contain lesser amounts of solanine than the harder, immature green tomato. Additionally, frying the green tomatoes in hot oil diminishes the solanine content, rendering the green tomato less toxic.
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