［装修：油漆］如何补洞

greenback

How To Patch a Hole

There are two common types of holes that require patching. One is small and quite easily repaired, usually caused by a nail or hook where a picture or mirror once hung. The other is more severe like when a doorknob is pushed through the drywall or a light fixture is moved and a large hole is left behind.

Materials

These materials will be needed depending on the size of the repair.

   * Patching compound - Spackling is enough for small holes. Drywall mud will repair any size patch. Drywall mud can be bought dry or pre-mixed. The pre-mixed mud may shrink or crack more than the dry. The dry mud may dry faster depending on the conditions and the "setting times". Look for these times on the bag.
   * Assortment of sizes of putty or drywall knives. These range from 1 inch up to 12 inches wide.
   * Sandpaper - A medium and fine grit size should be enough. Sanding sponges will have medium grit on one side and fine on the other.
   * Drywall tape - There are two types. one is paper and the other is a fiberglass mesh.
   * Drywall screws
   * Drywall saw
   * Scrap drywall or sheetrock for large patches.
   * Scrap wood for securing large drywall patches in the wall. Narrow three-quarter inch thick pieces cut to length are needed.
   * Drywall primer

Repair a Nail Hole

The nail hole is easy to repair. A successful repair will not be noticed once it has been painted. Follow these steps:

Applying first coat of drywall mud to repair a hole in the wall.Some hangers use an anchor to secure a screw. Remove the screw and the anchor from the wall. This leaves a slightly larger hole but still small enough to repair with this method.

Applying second coat of drywall mud to repair a hole in the wall.The hole is probably rough around the edges caused by tearing the paper layer of the drywall. This rough edge should be pushed in slightly below the surface. Use the handle end of a putty knife or screwdriver to press in on the wall to form a dimple around the hole. The paper fibers will now be below the surface and will not fray when the patch is sanded.

Patch is dry and ready to sand. Apply spackling or drywall mud to fill and skim over the hole and dimple. Use a putty knife wider than the dimple for the smoothest result. Do not overfill the area, it will just have to be sanded away.

I have found that DAP Drydex Spackling Compound does a good job patching small holes and cracks. It goes on pink and as it dries turns white. Drydex shrinks very little and sands easily and smoothly. Dap spackling and other painting supplies can be purchased by ordering from The Paint Store.

Allow this to completely dry and if a second application is needed sand lightly and skim over the area again. Some patching compounds shrink as they dry so a second coat is needed to level the surface.

Allow the patch to completely dry. Sometimes the use of a fan will speed up the drying time.

Sand the area with a medium to fine grit sandpaper or sanding sponge. I have found sandpaper will sometimes sand Dap Drydex more smoothly than a sanding sponge.

Spot prime the patch with drywall primer. If drywall primer is not available prime with a couple of slightly thinned coats of the finish paint.

The patch can now be painted and should be completely hidden.

Repair a Large Hole

Larger holes are a bit more work but still a simple task. They will take longer to repair and the drying times are lengthened due to the amount and number of times drywall mud is applied. Here are the steps to a successful drywall repair.

   * Remove any loosened pieces of drywall around the damaged area.
   * Measure the hole at the widest and tallest span, it does not have to be exact. This measurement indicates how large the replacement piece of drywall or sheetrock will need to be. For example, if the size of the hole is about 6 by 8 inches, cut the replacement piece 7 by 9 inches.
   * Hold this piece over the hole and mark an outline around it in pencil.
   * Cut out the wall with a drywall saw on the outline leaving a hole in the wall the size of the replacement piece.
   * Now is needed a way to hold the piece in the hole. Two strips of wood are placed in the hole spanning the open space and held in place by screwing into them through the drywall outside the damaged area. These strips should be three-quarters of an inch thick, about two inches wide and long enough to span the hole from the inside of the wall. Tighten the screws enough to pull the strips tight against the inside of the wall and for the screw heads to recess into the front face of the wall.
   * Place the replacement piece into the hole and screw through it into the strips of wood. The patch should feel secure and firmly attached.
   * With a rounded handle end of a putty knife or screwdriver burnish down the crack between the patch and wall to push in the edges slightly below the surface.
   * Apply drywall tape in a single layer over the crack between patch and wall.
   * Apply the first coat of drywall mud over the patch, tape and slightly beyond the size of the patch. A light, smooth coat is best.
   * When the first coat is dry lightly sand it to remove the roughest parts and the ridges left by the drywall knife. It does not have to be perfectly smooth at this stage.
   * Apply a second coat over the entire patch and beyond the first to feather out the edges.
   * Allow the second coat to completly dry and sand with a medium grit sandpaper or sanding sponge.
   * Apply a third coat of drywall mud over the entire patch and slightly beyond to feather out the edges. Usually this is the last coat and should smooth out the entire patch.
   * Allow the third coat to completely dry and sand with a medium to fine grit sandpaper or sanding sponge.
   * Prime over the entire patch with drywall primer, allow to dry and the surface is ready to paint.

This method should leave a smooth and hidden patch. Use the same method for even larger patches. If the damaged area spans over a wall stud or ceiling joist be sure to screw the replacement piece into the stud or joist.

源济

Jinan90

我家前段把室内全刷了。

门把手顶的大洞，刀子搞成方块，用1小块drywall填上，再摸drywall compound， 干后用砂纸磨平， 然后刷漆。

greenback

Jinan90 发表于 2011-9-13 23:08
我家前段把室内全刷了。

门把手顶的大洞，刀子搞成方块，用1小块drywall填上，再摸drywall compound， 干 ...

I remember there is an easier method aired on the DIY network very similar to what you did in your house.
The second method discussed here is only necessary for large area drywall repair.

nanosensor

greenback

One more thing about patching a large drywall area.
Don't forget adding the texture, for example the very common orange peel in the southern CA area, before you paint. Otherwise, it looks outstandingly ugly.

azzz