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每每谈到基督教历史上残忍地剪除异端的历史，基督徒们就会说那不过是当时的基督徒曲解了神的教导以神的名义所行的坏事，根本与神在“圣经”里的教导无关。一旦被给出耶和华剪除异端所用的令人发指的残暴手段时，基督徒最爱说的就是什么那是旧约的律法时代，而神在新约赐予了恩典时代，那些都过时了，所以中世纪使用凶残手段剪除异端的没有“圣经”的基础，甚至会说那些不是真正的基督徒。基督徒“朽木”居然还说“圣经”和神学典籍中根本找不到促使基督教会犯下暴行的依据，特别地，他还点到阿奎那的《神学大全》这本基督教的经典之作中没有这种指导基督徒施暴的说法。
那好，让我们来看看是否真如基督徒所说的那样，基督教在中世纪的这些残暴行径没有“圣经”基础，是否真如基督徒所说的那样，那些施行残暴或指导施暴的基督徒们不是真正的基督徒。
这里涉及的人物有二，使徒保罗和圣徒托马斯阿奎那。保罗所著书信已经被收入新约，阿奎那的《神学大全》由于其权威性也被基督教会在特伦托会议上当做除了bible以外应该使用的解答神学问题的典籍（见下面wiki原文）。我想在这样的证据下，基督徒们应该不否认这两位都是真正的基督徒吧！
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas （托马斯阿奎那 wiki 词条）
Fifty years after Thomas's death, Pope John XXII, seated in Avignon, pronounced Thomas a saint of the Catholic Church.[41] Thomas's theology had begun its rise to prestige. Two centuries later, in 1567, Pope Pius V ranked the festival of St. Thomas Aquinas with those of the four great Latin fathers: Ambrose, Augustine, Jerome, and Gregory. However, in the same period the Council of Trent would still turn to Duns Scotus before Thomas, as a source of arguments in defence of the Catholic Church. Even though Duns Scotus was consulted at the Council of Trent, Aquinas still maintained the honor of having his Summa Theologica placed on the altar alongside the Bible and the Decretals. It was not until the First Vatican Council that Thomas was elevated to the preeminent status of "teacher of the church".[39]
In his Encyclical of 4 August 1879, Pope Leo XIII stated that Aquinas's theology was a definitive exposition of Catholic doctrine. Thus, he directed the clergy to take the teachings of Aquinas as the basis of their theological positions. Leo XIII also decreed that all Catholic seminaries and universities must teach Aquinas's doctrines, and where Aquinas did not speak on a topic, the teachers were "urged to teach conclusions that were reconcilable with his thinking." In 1880, Aquinas was declared patron of all Catholic educational establishments.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summa_Theologica（神学大全 wiki 词条）
The Summa Theologica (or the Summa Theologiae or simply the Summa, written 1265–1274) is the most famous work of Thomas Aquinas (c. 1225–1274). It was intended as a manual for beginners as a compilation of all of the main theological teachings of that time. While not an apologetic work for non-Catholics, it summarizes the reasonings for almost all points of the Catholic faith. </strong>
既然对这两人的真正基督徒身份没有异议，对他们尊贵的神学地位没有质疑，那么对于剪除异端，他们是怎么说的呢？
保罗在加拉太书中说：
KJV
Galatians 5
9 A little leaven leaveneth the whole lump.
10 I have confidence in you through the Lord, that ye will be none otherwise minded: but he that troubleth you shall bear his judgment, whosoever he be.
11 And I, brethren, if I yet preach circumcision, why do I yet suffer persecution? then is the offence of the cross ceased.
12 I would they were even cut off which trouble you.
中文 加拉太书
5:9 一点面酵能使全团都发起来。
5:10 我在主里很信你们必不怀别样的心，但搅扰你们的，无论是谁，必担当他的罪名。
5:11 弟兄们，我若仍旧传割礼，为什么还受逼迫呢。若是这样，那十字架讨厌的地方就没有了。
5:12 恨不得那搅乱你们的人，把自己割绝了。
对比中英文，可以看到，KJV版里的they were even cut off 哪里有这些异端自己割绝自己的意思？不知道中文bible的翻译者为什么总是要设法掩盖耶和华耶稣保罗的残忍？从加拉太书5:12可以明确看到，保罗对处置异端是怎么指示的，要cut off。
再来看看神学大师圣徒阿奎那在他的被教会视为仅次于bible的《神学大全》里是怎么说的：
至于异端，从他们自身来看，他们犯了罪(sin)，这罪就是不仅要通过除教令把他们开除出教会、而且必须要通过死刑把他们清除出这个世界的理由。因为，败坏信仰——信仰是灵魂的生命——是比造假币来维持世俗生活更严重的罪行。如果造假币者和其他坏分子必被世俗统治者马上合法送入死亡，那么，一旦异端被确认为异端，不仅马上被开除出教会，而且合情合理地被处死，那就更是应该的了。而从教会这方来说，要有寻求让彷徨者转化的仁慈心，不能立刻(给他们)定罪，但是，就像使徒指示的那样，"一两次小心的警告之后"，如果他还是顽固不化，教会不再希望他的转化，那么为了寻求对他人的救赎，就应该把他开除出教会，并进一步把他移交到世俗法庭受审并以死亡来把他从这世界上除掉。
引自阿奎纳的《神学大全》（Summa theol. IIa IIae q. XI, a. 3）。
英文译文是：
I answer that, with regard to heretics two points must be observed: one, on their own side; the other, on the side of the Church. On their own side there is the sin, whereby they deserve not only to be separated from the Church by excommunication, but also to be severed from the world by death. For it is a much graver matter to corrupt the faith which quickens the soul, than to forge money, which supports temporal life. Wherefore if forgers of money and other evil-doers are forthwith condemned to death by the secular authority, much more reason is there for heretics, as soon as they are convicted of heresy, to be not only excommunicated but even put to death.
On the part of the Church, however, there is mercy which looks to the conversion of the wanderer, wherefore she condemns not at once, but “after the first and second admonition,” as the Apostle directs: after that, if he is yet stubborn, the Church no longer hoping for his conversion, looks to the salvation of others, by excommunicating him and separating him from the Church, and furthermore delivers him to the secular tribunal to be exterminated thereby from the world by death.
这么看来，中世纪的那些基督教暴行，根据圣经和基督教神学大师的指引，哪里曲解了神意、做错了吗？他们到底是打着神的旗号在杀人还是按照bible和次bible《神学大全》的指示来实施暴行剪除异端的最真正的基督徒呢？
基督徒们、pro-基们、无知的为基督徒们鸣不平的骗子帮闲们为基督教历史上暴行的辩护可以休矣。
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狗仔卡
发表于 2011-5-24 02:40 PM
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