明朝建立以后，能力见长的刘伯温，为何没得到朱元璋重用
<h1 class="rich_media_title " id="activity-name" style="margin-bottom: 14px; outline: 0px; font-size: 22px; line-height: 1.4; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px;">明朝建立以后，能力见长的刘伯温，为何没得到朱元璋重用</h1><div id="meta_content" class="rich_media_meta_list" style="margin-bottom: 22px; outline: 0px; line-height: 20px; font-size: 0px; hyphens: auto; position: relative; z-index: 1; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px;"><span id="copyright_logo" class="wx_tap_link js_wx_tap_highlight rich_media_meta icon_appmsg_tag appmsg_title_tag weui-wa-hotarea" style="margin-right: 8px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-right: 4px; padding-left: 4px; outline: 0px; position: relative; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 12px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.67; border-radius: 2px; width: auto; overflow: visible; text-overflow: ellipsis; text-wrap: nowrap; overflow-wrap: normal; max-width: 70%; letter-spacing: normal; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);">Original</span> <span class="rich_media_meta rich_media_meta_text" style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; outline: 0px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 15px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); color: var(--weui-FG-2);">王金百</span> <span class="rich_media_meta rich_media_meta_nickname" id="profileBt" style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; outline: 0px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 15px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); position: relative;"><a class="wx_tap_link js_wx_tap_highlight weui-wa-hotarea" id="js_name" style="outline: 0px; color: var(--weui-LINK); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: pointer; position: relative;">历史学堂君</a></span> <span id="meta_content_hide_info" style="outline: 0px;"><span id="publish_time" class="rich_media_meta rich_media_meta_text" style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; outline: 0px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 15px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); color: var(--weui-FG-2);">2024-04-09 23:44</span> <span id="js_ip_wording_wrp" class="rich_media_meta rich_media_meta_text" role="option" aria-labelledby="js_a11y_op_ip_wording js_ip_wording" style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; outline: 0px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 15px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); color: var(--weui-FG-2);"><span id="js_a11y_op_ip_wording" aria-hidden="true" style="outline: 0px;"></span><span aria-hidden="true" id="js_ip_wording" style="outline: 0px;">广东</span></span></span></div><div class="rich_media_content js_underline_content defaultNoSetting fix_apple_default_style" id="js_content" style="outline: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: var(--articleFontsize); overflow: hidden; text-align: justify; position: relative; z-index: 0; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by 135editor.com" style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by 135editor.com" style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(165, 165, 165); visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); text-align: start; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;">作者</span><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); text-align: start; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;">：王金百</span></span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(165, 165, 165); visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); text-align: start; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;">编辑：莉莉丝</span></span></section></section></section></section><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;">在帮助朱元璋取得天下那长长的功臣名单里，最被后人熟知的人物可能就是刘伯温了，甚至是神一般的存在。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;">刘伯温“神”到什么程度？</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;">《明史-刘基传》开篇就提及：<strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;">基（刘伯温）博通经史，于书无不窥，尤精象纬之学。</strong>民间对他的评价就更高了，“前有军师诸葛亮，后有军师刘伯温”。甚至有“前知五百年，后晓五百载”之说。就连朱元璋也评价刘伯温为“吾之子房”。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;">但是在朱元璋建立大明王朝后，大肆封赏开国功臣，刘伯温仅仅被封为伯爵（诚意伯），而官职为御史中丞（主要负责监察工作）。而且就这个官职，在受封伯爵的第二年，就被缓和地免职了，刘伯温被赐“衣锦还乡”。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;">显然在开国之后，刘伯温并没有得到朱元璋的重用，这究竟是什么呢？</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); box-sizing: border-box !important;">上图_ 刘基（1311年7月1日－1375年5月16日），字伯温，处州青田县南田乡（今属浙江温州市文成县）人</span></strong></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">一、刘伯温功劳很高，但苦劳不高</span></strong></span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">所谓功劳，就是在为朱元璋鼎定天下立下大功。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">在与陈友谅、张士诚三足鼎立之时，刘伯温看出张士诚为人谨小慎微，贪图一时之安逸，而陈友谅为人狡诈多疑，但刚愎自用，因此他极力主张朱元璋对张士诚实施安抚之策而集中优势兵力对付陈友谅。<strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">正是这一套合纵连横的政策，让原本实力最弱的吴王朱元璋最后能够脱颖而出。</strong></span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">刘伯温这等决胜于千里之外的才能，在元末乱世众多英雄豪杰之中，基本上是无出其右之人。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">但是要是论资排辈的话，刘伯温就远不及与朱元璋白手起家一起打拼的那些老哥们儿们了。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); box-sizing: border-box !important;">上图_ 元末农民起义</span></strong></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">众所周知，<strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">朱元璋夺取天下之后大封功臣，其中被封为“国公爵位”仅六位，而以纯文臣身份获此殊荣仅一人，就是李善长，而且位居六大国公之首。</strong></span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">李善长之所以会被朱元璋如此器重，一方面李善长在起兵之时，主管后勤工作是兢兢业业井井有条，功不可没。更主要的是，他是在朱元璋尚未成任何气候之时，就忠心耿耿伴其左右，是正儿八经的大明王朝“创立合伙人”之一。所以劳苦功高这个称号，非李善长莫属，这一点是刘伯温这样的“外来户”或者是“后来人”所无法肩比之的。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">所以在大明王朝开国之初，李善长必然位居刘伯温之上。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); box-sizing: border-box !important;">上图_ 李善长（1314年—1390年），字百室，濠州定远（今安徽定远县）人</span></strong></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;">二、地域集团之间的明争暗斗，而刘伯温不占优势</span></strong></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">在封建时代，当一个组织发展到一定程度之后，尤其是在共患难结束之后，就容易出现互相倾轧的现象。大明王朝开国之初，这个情况尤为突出。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">如前文提及，大明王朝开国之初大封功臣，其中国公六位，位极人臣。此外，还有侯爵二十八人，地位也是煊赫至极。如果你简单查阅一下这老三十几位的名单，就不难发现，他们绝大部分都是朱元璋的老乡，都出自淮西地区（今安徽省中部以及湖北、河南等地）。这些人以保护自己利益为目的，以地域划分而组成一股团体势力，同时这些人在明初地位较高，因此被称之为淮西勋贵集团。一度时期，这个团体在明初王朝最有实力。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">开国之后，朱元璋以“乱世靠武，治世靠文”的原则，开始重文抑武。这样淮西勋贵集团为首人物还是李善长了。</span></strong></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">相对于淮西勋贵集团，就是其他地区有志之士们的组合。这个组合应该说是以出身浙东的刘伯温为首，因此称之为浙东集团。浙东集团虽说爵位实力远不及淮西勋贵集团，但是这个集团以文臣为主，可谓是人才济济，智商与能力绝非淮西大老粗们可以比拟。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">这样两个集团之间的明争暗斗不期而至。较量的结果如何呢？</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">尽管浙东集团有能力，但是淮西勋贵集团的影响力远在浙东集团之上。</span></strong><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">这种情况下，浙东集团在根本利益上不可能占据优势。其中的代表事件就是浙东集团骨干杨宪与李善长之间的较量了。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); box-sizing: border-box !important;">上图_ 明代官制简表</span></strong></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">三、朱元璋的内心更加信任淮西勋贵，刘伯温早已洞察</span></strong></span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">虽说开国之初，朱元璋咨询过刘伯温接替李善长为丞相的人选，并且当着刘伯温的面说丞相这个位子非先生莫属，但是刘伯温早就知道这个位置的“高危”性。<strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">朱元璋之所以要破格提拔刘伯温，目的之一就是想用浙东集团势力去抑制淮西勋贵集团。</strong>甚至想借刘伯温之手好好收拾一下淮西那些胡作非为的“老哥儿们”们。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">确实，这些当年跟着朱元璋打江山的泥腿子们，摇身一变成了大贵族、大地主，这些人来到地方是鱼肉乡里，目无法纪。由于这些人功劳太大，朝野上下有能力收拾他们的只有朱元璋。但是这个时候，老朱皇帝还没打算背负屠戮功臣的恶名，或者是也许还没到兔死狗烹的时候。所以，于是就打算借刘伯温之手杀杀淮西勋贵们的嚣张气焰。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); box-sizing: border-box !important;">上图_ 朱元璋（1328年—1398年）</span></strong></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">朱元璋这个人确实是驾驭人才的高手，他很会选人，也很懂权谋。既然没到亲自动手打压淮西勋贵的时候，那么就得借刀杀人，而这把“刀”的最佳人选就是刘伯温，为什么这么说呢？主要有三点：</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><ul class="list-paddingleft-1" style="padding-left: 1.5em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; list-style-type: circle; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><li style="margin-left: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><p style="margin-right: 1em; margin-left: 1em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">1. 浙东集团与淮西勋贵集团一直对立；</span></strong></p></li><li style="margin-left: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><p style="margin-right: 1em; margin-left: 1em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">2. 刘伯温资历有和淮西勋贵抗衡的基础；</span></strong></p></li><li style="margin-left: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><p style="margin-right: 1em; margin-left: 1em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">3. 刘伯温一身正气，嫉恶如仇，绝不会徇私枉法，姑息养奸，这一点尤为重要。</span></strong></p></li></ul><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">但是，刘伯温真要这么干了，那后果是可想而知。仅一个蛊惑皇帝而屠戮功臣的“帽子”足以让刘伯温百口莫辩，粉身碎骨。所以，刘伯温坚决不受丞相之位，并且对于朱元璋所提名几位丞相继任者一一作了点评，指出他们的缺点而不适合此等重要高位，最后还是推荐李善长继续为丞相。也算是为朱元璋进献忠言的同时，缓和一下两个集团之间的矛盾。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">朱元璋在明白了刘伯温看穿自己诡计之后，知道刘伯温不能为己所用，就勉强给了刘伯温一个伯爵（说勉强，俸禄最低就是一个佐证），就让他回归大自然了。刘伯温也就此尽可能低调的活着。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); box-sizing: border-box !important;">上图_ 明朝官员</span></strong></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">权力这个东西，诱惑力实在太大，为之铤而走险之人比比皆是，刘伯温的老朋友杨宪就是其中之一。<strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">既然刘伯温不愿意干，杨宪就成了朱元璋首选之人。可惜杨宪自作聪明，对待朱元璋和李善长都玩阳奉阴违，这无疑是在班门弄斧。</strong>在排挤掉一部分政敌之后，最后还是弄巧成拙，被李善长抓住小辫子。一个参劾，杨宪就成了朱元璋的刀下鬼，成了权力游戏的牺牲品，他人的垫脚石了。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">在这样的大背景下，朱元璋是不可能真心启用刘伯温为丞相的。而且就算刘伯温勉强做了丞相，杨宪的下场，很可能刘伯温的下场。刘伯温的急流勇退是他的聪明，只可惜最终他还是难逃厄运。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">淮西勋贵毫发无伤，显然这并没有达到朱元璋的想要的结果。而且在杨宪倒台之后，朱元璋已经发觉，无论是浙东还是淮西，一个都不能留，因为这两个集团的存在必然会制约与瓜分他的皇权。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">虽然刘伯温已经尽可能地远离政治，向着汉初张良的无为状态无限靠拢，但是朱元璋对于这面“浙东大旗”还是不太放心。</span></strong><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">这个时候，为皇帝排忧解难的人来了，他就是胡惟庸，也是李善长丞相的接班人。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">胡惟庸与李善长同属淮西勋贵集团，并且两个人还有亲戚关系。但是相比之下，胡惟庸为人更加唯利是图，更加没有底线。因此他才会亲自安排，用慢性毒药毒死刘伯温。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); box-sizing: border-box !important;">上图_ 胡惟庸（？—1380年）</span></strong></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">至于胡惟庸这么干是不是朱元璋授意而为之的呢？通过上文论述，可以知晓朱元璋是有作案动机的。同时刘伯温是何等人物，没有皇帝的默许胡惟庸敢谋害重要开国勋臣吗？而且之后朱元璋对于刘伯温之死处理的也比较冷淡，只是找到刘伯温的儿子问了问话，并没有对胡惟庸做更具体的处理。最后就连刘伯温的两个儿子也难逃被清洗的噩运，这也侧面印证了朱元璋的毒辣用心。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">浙东集团倒台之后，朱元璋就可以集中精力对付淮西勋贵集团。</span></strong><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">没多久，朱元璋导演了一连串的“离奇案件”，终于将这个让他忧愁已久的勋贵集团斩草除根。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">不得不承认，在朱元璋面前没有，更不可能有其他的赢家。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><em style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(178, 178, 178); box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></em></p><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box !important;">参考资料：</span></section><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; text-align: left; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">【1】《朱元璋传》 张宏杰/著 广东人民出版社</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; text-align: left; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">【2】《朱元璋传》 吴晗/著 北京联合出版公司</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; text-align: left; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">【3】《明代的锦衣卫和东西厂》 吴晗/著 台海出版社</span></p><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box !important;">文字由历史大学堂团队创作，配图源于网络版权归原作者所有</span></section></div><p></p>
页:
[1]