夏天到了，消暑神器啤酒是从哪来的
<h1 class="rich_media_title " id="activity-name" style="margin-bottom: 14px; outline: 0px; font-size: 22px; line-height: 1.4; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px;">夏天到了，消暑神器啤酒是从哪来的</h1><div id="meta_content" class="rich_media_meta_list" style="margin-bottom: 22px; outline: 0px; line-height: 20px; font-size: 0px; hyphens: auto; position: relative; z-index: 1; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px;"><span id="copyright_logo" class="wx_tap_link js_wx_tap_highlight rich_media_meta icon_appmsg_tag appmsg_title_tag weui-wa-hotarea" style="margin-right: 8px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-right: 4px; padding-left: 4px; outline: 0px; position: relative; 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text-align: start; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;">：计白当黑</span></span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(165, 165, 165); visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); text-align: start; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;">编辑：莉莉丝</span></span></section></section></section></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;">每年夏初，啤酒迎来了消费旺季。夏日炎炎，啤酒称得上消暑神器了。</span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><ul class="list-paddingleft-1" style="padding-left: 1.5em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><li style="margin-left: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><p style="margin-right: 1em; margin-left: 1em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(253, 234, 218); background-color: rgb(29, 27, 16); visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;">解热消暑</span></strong></span></p></li></ul><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;">研究表明，酿造啤酒的麦芽汁在酶的分解下，产生碳水化合物、蛋白质、氨基酸、维生素及微量元素等物质，氨基酸就有17种之多，其中有7种是人体无法合成的。啤酒中存在着硅，能够强健骨骼，经常饮用可以降低年老时患骨质疏松症的几率。</span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;">1升12°Bx的啤酒，能产生3344kJ的热量，与210克面包相当，由此，啤酒有了“液体面包”之外号。<strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;">啤酒含有大量的水和二氧化碳，夏天饮用之后，水份排出体外带走额外的热量，二氧化碳遇热膨胀，通过打嗝起到消暑的效果。</strong>啤酒消暑，是人们喜闻乐见的。</span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); box-sizing: border-box !important;">上图_ 最初啤酒制作的示意图</span></strong></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><ul class="list-paddingleft-1" style="padding-left: 1.5em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><li style="margin-left: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><p style="margin-right: 1em; margin-left: 1em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(253, 234, 218); background-color: rgb(29, 27, 16); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">起源神奇</span></strong></span></p></li></ul><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">事实上，啤酒有着悠久的历史。生物学家发现，野外的黑猩猩和其它哺乳动物会特意寻觅酒精。由此推断，早期人类也应该有类似嗜好。清末徐珂编撰的《清稗类钞》中记载：<strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">“粤西平乐等府，山中多猿，善采百花酿酒。”</strong>两者不约而同地印证了酒精伴随着人类的发展而进步。</span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">最初的啤酒以发芽的大麦和燕麦等谷物，经过粉碎、糖化、发酿后得到的。与现在的啤酒不同，它不仅没有泡沫，也没有苦味。公元前11000年，两河流域、北非尼罗河流域新月型地带开始种植大麦，这为啤酒的酿造提供了充足的原料。尽管没有发现啤酒的直接证据，科学家确信当时人们已经开始饮用啤酒了。</span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">1992年11月，美国《自然》杂志证实，在美索不达米亚南部发现了距今5500年的陶罐中有麦芽糖的痕迹，这是证明啤酒存在的最早物证。</span></strong><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">苏美尔史诗《吉尔伽美什》是世界最早的英雄史诗，叙述了公元前2700年到2500年间的事件。有人用七罐啤酒和一些面包驯服了野人恩基杜。可以说，对啤酒的喜爱，源自人类追求酒精刺激的本能。</span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); box-sizing: border-box !important;">上图_ 美国禁酒时期场景</span></strong></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><ul class="list-paddingleft-1" style="padding-left: 1.5em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><li style="margin-left: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><p style="margin-right: 1em; margin-left: 1em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(253, 234, 218); background-color: rgb(29, 27, 16); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">萌芽多变</span></strong></span></p></li></ul><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">啤酒的发展超越了它本身的价值。古埃及时期，修建吉萨金字塔的工人，每天的工资就是三杯啤酒，总计4升。当时的啤酒醇厚甘美，营养丰富。饮用时，人们加入枣和蜂蜜调味。啤酒不但是金字塔建成的功臣。也是当时最早的货币之一。</span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">中国古代也有叫做“醴”的啤酒。《礼记·杂记》明确记载：<strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">“醴者，稻醴也。”</strong>东汉思想家王充在《论衡》中表示：<strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">“酒醴异气，饮之皆醉。”</strong>说明醴有别于酒，是由谷芽发酵的低度甜酒。至汉末，醴被酒精度数更高的黄酒代替，逐渐淡出了人们的视线。</span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">9世纪，欧洲的酿酒厂普遍加入一种攀援草本植物的果实。酿出的啤酒略带苦味，口感清醇，酒味纯正。这种果实就是啤酒花。酒加入啤酒花后，能够起到抑菌防腐的作用，适于长途运输。著名的印度淡色艾尔啤酒就是由19世纪英国殖民印度期间，为了能把英国啤酒带到印度专门研发的。<strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">如今的啤酒普遍加入了啤酒花，有人因此将啤酒花叫做“啤酒的灵魂”。</strong></span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></strong></span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); box-sizing: border-box !important;">上图_ 1814年，伦敦一个啤酒厂的酿酒罐爆炸</span></strong></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">15世纪以前，欧洲流行在室温下发酵的麦芽啤酒。</span></strong><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">这一工艺被撒克逊人打破了。他们意外发现了巴斯德酵母，改变了啤酒的酿造工艺。这种酵母活跃温度只有4.5℃，而普通酵母的活跃温度是21℃。传统酵母在液体上部发酵，称为“上发酵法”。巴斯德酵母需要沉入液体底部发酵，并且储藏在洞穴中陈化，这一方法叫“下发酵法”。</span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">“上发酵法”的啤酒主要有淡色艾尔啤酒、司陶特啤酒以及波特黑啤酒等。“下发酵法”的啤酒品种丰富，有拉格啤酒、皮尔逊淡色啤酒、多特蒙德淡色啤酒、慕尼黑黑色啤酒等。经过初期的萌芽，啤酒渐渐有了人们熟悉的样子。</span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); box-sizing: border-box !important;">上图_ 西方把酒言欢的僧人 。画家：爱德华•凡•格吕茨纳</span></strong></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><ul class="list-paddingleft-1" style="padding-left: 1.5em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><li style="margin-left: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><p style="margin-right: 1em; margin-left: 1em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(253, 234, 218); background-color: rgb(29, 27, 16); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">发展壮大</span></strong></span></p></li></ul><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">啤酒的普及，离不开德国人的贡献。目前，全世界有三成的啤酒厂设在德国。德国巴伐利亚州集中了700多家啤酒厂。仅100万人口的科隆就有23家啤酒厂，整个德国生产超过5000种品牌的啤酒。这些工厂拥有最先进的生产设备和技术，生产最高品质的啤酒。</span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">德国啤酒品味卓然，种类多样，颇受消费者欢迎。<strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">目前，全球啤酒销量前两位的中国和美国，其啤酒酿造工艺均来自德国。</strong>据统计，德国人均啤酒消费量是106升，这一数字是中国的三倍，足见德国人对啤酒的喜爱。</span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">世界上最古老并且持续经营的酿酒厂也来自于德国。1040年，巴伐利亚弗赖辛市的唯森修道院获准酿造啤酒。近千年来，这家修道院始终坚持酿酒。如今，它改名为唯森巴伐利亚州酿酒厂，仍在生产着唯森啤酒。刻板严谨的德国人推动了啤酒的成熟，使世界为之倾倒。</span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); box-sizing: border-box !important;">上图_ 酿酒卖酒自力更生的修道院</span></strong></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><ul class="list-paddingleft-1" style="padding-left: 1.5em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><li style="margin-left: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><p style="margin-right: 1em; margin-left: 1em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(253, 234, 218); background-color: rgb(29, 27, 16); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">走进中国</span></strong></span></p></li></ul><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">19世纪末，啤酒重回中国。戊戌变法失败后，康有为流亡海外，游历欧洲11国，著成《欧洲十一国游记》。他对德国慕尼黑的猫匿（MUNCHEN）记忆犹新，书中坦言：<strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">“猫匿之啤酒名天下，吾饮欧美各国之啤酒矣，皆略有苦味，不宜于喉胃，惟猫匿之啤酒入喉如甘露，沁人心脾，别有趣味。德国人无有不饮啤酒者，其饮啤之玻杯奇大如碗，圆径三四寸，有高八寸而圆径二寸，初视骇人，全欧美所无也。”</strong>这里说的猫匿就是世界知名的慕尼黑啤酒，怪不得康有为欲罢不能。</span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">1900年10月29日，俄罗斯商人乌鲁布列夫斯基在哈尔滨建立了用自己名字命名的啤酒厂。它是中国第一家现代啤酒厂，开创了现代中国啤酒酿造的历史。1903年，青岛沦为德国殖民地，英德商人为满足当地德国人的需要，开办了“日尔曼啤酒公司青岛股份公司”。公司的设备和原料均来自德国，建厂初期公司年产量仅为2000吨。</span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); box-sizing: border-box !important;">上图_ 1903年青岛啤酒厂</span></strong></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">日本作家田原之次郎在《胶州湾》一书中记述：<strong style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">“日尔曼啤酒公司青岛股份公司生产的啤酒1906年在慕尼黑博览会上展出，获得金牌奖。”</strong>这家公司后来成为众所周知的青岛啤酒股份有限公司。</span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">值得一提的是中国原本没有“啤酒”一词。康有为回国后，出版了《欧洲十一国游记》，率先使用了“啤酒”。可以说，中国的啤酒还有猫匿有着一定联系。一杯穿越古今的啤酒，融合中西风味，带来诗和远方之外，也不能贪杯哦。</span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box !important;">参考资料：</span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; text-align: left; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; text-align: left; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; text-align: left; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">【1】高 矅 《一部啤酒的自然文化历史》</span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; text-align: left; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">【2】张晓红 《啤酒文化溯源》</span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; text-align: left; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">【3】赵浚宏 《百年青啤不负百年盛名》</span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; text-align: left; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">【4】吴正格 《康有为的啤酒之缘：遍饮欧洲诸国啤酒》</span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; text-align: left; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; text-align: left; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; text-align: left; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; text-align: left; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; text-align: left; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; text-align: left; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; text-align: left; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; text-align: left; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; text-align: left; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; text-align: left; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: var(--articleFontsize); letter-spacing: 0.034em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></section><section style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-family: 黑体, SimHei; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box !important;">文字由历史大学堂团队创作，配图源于网络版权归原作者所有</span></section></div><p></p>
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